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Quickly Open Files with the Non-Default Application
Bored for always using the same application to open your files? Now you can make one as default application and put others in the C:\Windows\SendTo folder. When you want to open a file with the non-default application, right click on the file and send it to the other application.
Handle The PCX Format
If you are a Windows 3.x veteran probably you have noticed that Paint, Windows 9x/Me bitmap editor application, can only handle BMP format. Meanwhile Paintbrush (Win 3.x bitmap editor application) can also handle PCX format. So what do you do if you still have PCX files around? Here are the tricks:
Copy the Pbrush.exe, Pbrush.dll and Pbrush.hlp files from your Windows 3.x files to your Windows 9X/ME hard drive. Copy Expand.exe from your Installation disk 2 or CD to your Windows installation folder on the hard drive. Use this command to expand Paintbrush:
expand a:pbrush.ex_ c:\windows\pbrush.exe
Powerful Text Editor
Probably you didn't realize that Microsoft Word 2000 uses a small application called Microsoft Script Editor to edit a Web page source code. This is a powerful text/code editor compared with Notepad. If you want to use all the features of this program, you can get it from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common\IDE\IDE98 and look for the program: MSE.EXE. Create a shortcut on your desktop for faster opening it.
Send Notes over the Network
WinPopup is a small messaging program, lets you send notes over the network. WinPopup pops up on the recipient's screen, getting their immediate attention. If you have not installed WinPopup yet, you can install it by opening the Control Panel and choose Add/Remove Programs. Select the Windows Setup tab, double-click Accessories in the list of components, and select WinPopup. Click OK to complete the installation.
To run the program simply type 'winpopup' (without quotation marks) in the Run dialog box.
Finding and Selecting The Hidden Useful Programs
Tons of applications in your hard drive and great chances you have useful programs on your computer you didn't realize about it. To get around this situation create a folder on your desktop called Hidden Applications, and then launch the Windows Find utility (Start/Find/Files or Folders). Continue with typing *.EXE *.COM in the Named box, and then click on the Find Now button. After Find is finished with its task, choose Select All from the Edit menu and drag and drop all the files in the Find window into your new desktop folder. Now you have a folder with shortcuts to every executable program on your Windows PC. Now, one at a time, double-click on each shortcut to find out what it is. Once it's identified, you can find and delete the program if you don't want it (be careful while doing this since several small programs are parts of other bigger programs) or move the shortcut to another folder if you want to keep it.
Quick Access to All Help Files
First create a folder on your desktop, and then use Find facility to find all help files and .txt files with useful information. Use your SendTo "make a desktop shortcut", or right drag and drop onto desktop and select make shortcut. Once they are on the desktop, pop them open to get an idea of what they are and rename them accordingly. Drag them into the new folder named "Useful Help Collections" or similar.
Completely Disable Task Scheduler
Want to know how to get rid of the Task Scheduler in your System Tray (the area next to your Windows clock)? Double-click the Task Scheduler icon, and then select Advanced, Stop Using Task Scheduler. Close the Scheduled Tasks window, and this utility will no longer run at start-up.
Most Often Used Applications Toolbar
These are the steps to create your favorite applications toolbar on the top of desktop:
Create a folder on your hard drive called Applications Toolbar. Then, copy shortcuts to the applications you use most often to this folder.
Right-click on an empty spot on the taskbar. Select the Toolbars/New Toolbar command, and browse to Application Toolbar folder. When the new toolbar appears on your taskbar, place your mouse pointer over the vertical toolbar handle at the front of the toolbar. When the pointer turns into a double-headed arrow, click and drag the toolbar to the very top of the desktop and drop it. When you do, the new toolbar anchors itself to the top of the desktop.
General Editing Shortcuts
Try the following general shortcuts in almost all of your applications, including MS Word, Write (Win 3.1), WordPad, or even Notepad.
Moving
One word to the right Ctrl+
One word to the left Ctrl+
Start of line Home
End of line End
Up one screen PageUp
Down one screen PageDown
Top of Screen Ctrl + PageUp
Bottom of Screen Ctrl + PageDown
Beginning of Document Ctrl + Home
End of Document Ctrl + End
Deleting
Delete word to left Ctrl + Backspace
Delete word to right Ctrl + Delete
Clipboard
Copy selection Ctrl + C
Cut selection Ctrl + X
Paste selection Ctrl + V
Undo last of the above Ctrl + Z
Dots on Application Menus
Pay attention on your favorite application, for example WordPad. Click on File menu, and you will see several commands like New..., Open..., Save As..., etc. What do all those dots next to those menu commands mean?" A menu command followed by an ellipsis (...) means it will open a dialog box.
Microsoft Natural Keyboard Shortcuts...!!
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The Winkey is between Ctrl & Alt on the left side, and Menu & Alt on the right side of your keyboard. As you now, if you press the Winkey the Start Menu will be opened instantly. More than that, you can use it to simplify other tasks. For examples:
Launches Start button (Winkey)
Display the Run dialog box (Winkey + R)
Minimize all windows currently open (Winkey + M)
Undo Minimize all windows (Winkey + Shift + M)
Start Help (Winkey + F1)
Start Explorer (Winkey + E)
Start Find Files/Folders dialog box (Winkey + F)
Start Find Computer dialog box (CTRL + Winkey + F)
Cycle through taskbar buttons (Winkey + Tab)
Display Systems Properties panel (Winkey + Break).
Show/hide Desktop (Winkey + D)
Opens Printer box to add, check job status, etc. (Winkey + P)
Opens up mouse properties (Winkey + I)
Opportunity to log off Windows (Winkey + L)
Opens up keyboard properties (Winkey + K)
The Winkey is between Ctrl & Alt on the left side, and Menu & Alt on the right side of your keyboard. As you now, if you press the Winkey the Start Menu will be opened instantly. More than that, you can use it to simplify other tasks. For examples:
Launches Start button (Winkey)
Display the Run dialog box (Winkey + R)
Minimize all windows currently open (Winkey + M)
Undo Minimize all windows (Winkey + Shift + M)
Start Help (Winkey + F1)
Start Explorer (Winkey + E)
Start Find Files/Folders dialog box (Winkey + F)
Start Find Computer dialog box (CTRL + Winkey + F)
Cycle through taskbar buttons (Winkey + Tab)
Display Systems Properties panel (Winkey + Break).
Show/hide Desktop (Winkey + D)
Opens Printer box to add, check job status, etc. (Winkey + P)
Opens up mouse properties (Winkey + I)
Opportunity to log off Windows (Winkey + L)
Opens up keyboard properties (Winkey + K)
Basic windows operations.....(2)
New Quick Launch Toolbars
Drag any folder or any item from the desktop (e.g. My Computer, Recycle Bin, Network Neighborhood, Control Panel icon, etc.) to the edge of the screen and release. You will get a Single Click Quick Launch Toolbar with all the icons inside it.
Quick Swap Mouse
As you probably know, when you drag an object to or from the desktop using the right mouse button, you're given the option to Move, Copy, Create Shortcut or Cancel when you let go of the button. If you do not want to use the right mouse button, you can accomplish the same thing by pressing and holding Ctrl+Shift, and then drag using the left mouse button.
Quick Switch to Another Tab
There is an easy way to switch to another tab when you work inside a dialog box. Just press Ctrl+Tab keys to switch to the right tabs or press Ctrl+Shift+Tab keys to move to the left tab.
The Alternative Shortcuts
It is a common to use Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V, or Ctrl+Z, to perform Cut, Copy, Paste, or Undo operations inside Windows 9X/Me applications. Those shortcuts are designed to be pressed easily with the left fingers while the right fingers hold the mouse.
Actually, you can perform the same action using your right fingers. The shortcuts are Shift+Delete for Cut, Ctrl+Insert for Copy, Shift+Insert for Paste and Alt+Backspace for Undo.
WARNING:
Use the Shift+Delete keys only inside an application, if you use this shortcut inside Windows Explorer it will permanently deletes your files.
Using SendTo to Copy and Move Files
Use the SendTo feature to quickly copy and move files. First, create a shortcut to a drive or a folder using the previous tips. To move an object, you can use the SendTo feature by right-clicking the object, click the SendTo menu and then click the new location. To copy an object you must press Ctrl key while activating the SendTo feature. Meanwhile, to create a shortcut you must press Control and Shift keys while using the Sendto feature.
Another Way Selecting Icons
Normally to select a group of icons you must click and drag a box. Once you have a group selected, then you can click any one with the right mouse button, select a command, and that command will apply to all of them. To save a step, just click and drag the icons using the right mouse button, and when you release the button, the Context menu will pops up automatically.
Another Way To Put Shortcut on Desktop
You don't have to drag and drop in Desktop view only to create your favorite application shortcuts. If you work on Windows Explorer, you can simply right click the filename for which you want to create a shortcut and from the popup menu choose Send To and then choose Desktop As Shortcut.
Manage Your SendTo Menu
Normally the list of options in your SendTo context menu appears in alphabetical order. You can manage them by renaming the shortcuts in the SendTo folder so that a number is the first character. The order of the numbers will be the order of the options. The list is alphabetized, with numbers first.
Left or Right
Probably you didn't realize that you can use both left and right button to choose an item from shortcut menu. Normally you only use one of these buttons.
Show that Hiding Dialog Box
When you right-clicking the desktop and selecting Properties--switched to another window, and then come back to the desktop, do not surprise if suddenly the Properties box is gone. These happen if you clicked the Show Desktop icon (on the Quick Launch toolbar) or pressed Windows key + D. To show that hiding Properties box, press Alt-Tab to display all open windows. While holding Alt key, press Tab key repeatedly until the icon representing the missing Properties box is highlighted. Release the keys, and there's that Properties box.
Tips for Copy and Paste
Try the following tips inside Notepad or other text editor with a single-level undo feature. Copy text selection 1 (press Ctrl+C) and paste it over selection 2 (press Ctrl+V). Undo that operation (press Ctrl+Z), and while that text is still selected, copy it to the clipboard (press Ctrl+C). Now, undo that operation again (press Ctrl+Z) and you have the changed the text (from 2 to 1) as well as copied the old text (2) to the clipboard.
Drag any folder or any item from the desktop (e.g. My Computer, Recycle Bin, Network Neighborhood, Control Panel icon, etc.) to the edge of the screen and release. You will get a Single Click Quick Launch Toolbar with all the icons inside it.
Quick Swap Mouse
As you probably know, when you drag an object to or from the desktop using the right mouse button, you're given the option to Move, Copy, Create Shortcut or Cancel when you let go of the button. If you do not want to use the right mouse button, you can accomplish the same thing by pressing and holding Ctrl+Shift, and then drag using the left mouse button.
Quick Switch to Another Tab
There is an easy way to switch to another tab when you work inside a dialog box. Just press Ctrl+Tab keys to switch to the right tabs or press Ctrl+Shift+Tab keys to move to the left tab.
The Alternative Shortcuts
It is a common to use Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V, or Ctrl+Z, to perform Cut, Copy, Paste, or Undo operations inside Windows 9X/Me applications. Those shortcuts are designed to be pressed easily with the left fingers while the right fingers hold the mouse.
Actually, you can perform the same action using your right fingers. The shortcuts are Shift+Delete for Cut, Ctrl+Insert for Copy, Shift+Insert for Paste and Alt+Backspace for Undo.
WARNING:
Use the Shift+Delete keys only inside an application, if you use this shortcut inside Windows Explorer it will permanently deletes your files.
Using SendTo to Copy and Move Files
Use the SendTo feature to quickly copy and move files. First, create a shortcut to a drive or a folder using the previous tips. To move an object, you can use the SendTo feature by right-clicking the object, click the SendTo menu and then click the new location. To copy an object you must press Ctrl key while activating the SendTo feature. Meanwhile, to create a shortcut you must press Control and Shift keys while using the Sendto feature.
Another Way Selecting Icons
Normally to select a group of icons you must click and drag a box. Once you have a group selected, then you can click any one with the right mouse button, select a command, and that command will apply to all of them. To save a step, just click and drag the icons using the right mouse button, and when you release the button, the Context menu will pops up automatically.
Another Way To Put Shortcut on Desktop
You don't have to drag and drop in Desktop view only to create your favorite application shortcuts. If you work on Windows Explorer, you can simply right click the filename for which you want to create a shortcut and from the popup menu choose Send To and then choose Desktop As Shortcut.
Manage Your SendTo Menu
Normally the list of options in your SendTo context menu appears in alphabetical order. You can manage them by renaming the shortcuts in the SendTo folder so that a number is the first character. The order of the numbers will be the order of the options. The list is alphabetized, with numbers first.
Left or Right
Probably you didn't realize that you can use both left and right button to choose an item from shortcut menu. Normally you only use one of these buttons.
Show that Hiding Dialog Box
When you right-clicking the desktop and selecting Properties--switched to another window, and then come back to the desktop, do not surprise if suddenly the Properties box is gone. These happen if you clicked the Show Desktop icon (on the Quick Launch toolbar) or pressed Windows key + D. To show that hiding Properties box, press Alt-Tab to display all open windows. While holding Alt key, press Tab key repeatedly until the icon representing the missing Properties box is highlighted. Release the keys, and there's that Properties box.
Tips for Copy and Paste
Try the following tips inside Notepad or other text editor with a single-level undo feature. Copy text selection 1 (press Ctrl+C) and paste it over selection 2 (press Ctrl+V). Undo that operation (press Ctrl+Z), and while that text is still selected, copy it to the clipboard (press Ctrl+C). Now, undo that operation again (press Ctrl+Z) and you have the changed the text (from 2 to 1) as well as copied the old text (2) to the clipboard.
Basic windows operations...(1)
Adding SendTo Context Menu to Favorites-
Click the Start button, click Run, type "sendto" (without the quotes) in the dialog box, and click OK. The SendTo menu opens as icons for shortcuts to be added such as a shortcut to Notepad and Paint. Now select Favorites from the menu bar and "add" this window to your favorites. This makes it easily accessible to update with other shortcuts.
An Easy Way to Close Applications
As you know, you can close an opened application by pressing Alt+F4. Actually, there is another method, by pressing Alt+spacebar then followed by C.
Bigger Dialog Boxes
Probably you didn't realize that Common Dialogs inside an application (Notepad, Paint, etc), such as File - Open and File - Save As boxes are now resizable in the Windows 9X/Me. Just look in the lower right-hand corner for that familiar Explorer-like resize handle. Now, you can see more than just a handful of files when you're in those dialogs.
Closing All Your Applications Fast
Use this tip to close all opened applications quickly. Click the Start-Run menu, type Taskman, and then click OK to open the Task Manager application. Press and hold the SHIFT key, click the first application from the list, click the last application, and then click the Windows - End Task menu. You can also create a shortcut to the Task Manager in the Start menu.
Are you tired to close your running applications one by one? Just select Shutdown from the Start menu and pick the "Close all programs and log on as a different user?" option. Then log back on as the same user.
Creating Hot Keys
As an alternative to activate a Windows 9X/Me application, you can create hot keys. To create a hot key, right-click an application shortcut, choose Properties, click Shortcut tab, and then type a letter in the Shortcut key box (for example W for Word). Automatically, Windows 9X/Me will use the CTRL+ALT+W keys as the hot keys.
Date Information
To get information about the current time, you only need to see the clock at the right corner of Taskbar. How to see the today date? Move your mouse pointer to the clock and wait a moment. Date, month, and year will appear for several seconds and then disappear.
Don't Recycle My Files
You have several secret files that you do not want to keep them in the Recycle Bin. To do so, press the Shift key while you press the Del key or click the Delete menu.
Faster Quick View
Do you want to see your document previews faster? Open Windows Explorer, and then activate the Quick View application to see the first file's content. For the next files you can drag the file icons directly into the Quick View window. For easier operation, both windows (Explorer and Quick View) can be tilled vertically on the screen. If you only want to see bitmap, jpeg or gif files, open the Paint window instead of Quick View. The same method can be applied in Media Player to see multimedia files (wave, midi, avi, etc.) or NotePad for text file (*.txt).
Faster New Documents
To get faster new documents, right-click an empty space on the Windows 9X/Me desktop. From the pop-up menu choose New, and then from the list select the type of your new document. On the desktop will appear a shortcut icon. Rename this shortcut if it is necessary, and then double-click on it to start creating the new document.
How to Delete Files from Floppy & Zip Disks
As you know when you delete a file from a floppy, it is gone forever. Same problem occurs with zip disks. To get around this problem, first create a folder on the C:/ drive called "Deleted File". Create a shortcut to "Deleted File" and cut/paste it into the Windows/Send to folder. Paste another shortcut to "Deleted File" on the Desktop [Optional]. Now whenever one wants to delete files from a floppy or zip disk, send them to Deleted File first. You can delete them later.
Click the Start button, click Run, type "sendto" (without the quotes) in the dialog box, and click OK. The SendTo menu opens as icons for shortcuts to be added such as a shortcut to Notepad and Paint. Now select Favorites from the menu bar and "add" this window to your favorites. This makes it easily accessible to update with other shortcuts.
An Easy Way to Close Applications
As you know, you can close an opened application by pressing Alt+F4. Actually, there is another method, by pressing Alt+spacebar then followed by C.
Bigger Dialog Boxes
Probably you didn't realize that Common Dialogs inside an application (Notepad, Paint, etc), such as File - Open and File - Save As boxes are now resizable in the Windows 9X/Me. Just look in the lower right-hand corner for that familiar Explorer-like resize handle. Now, you can see more than just a handful of files when you're in those dialogs.
Closing All Your Applications Fast
Use this tip to close all opened applications quickly. Click the Start-Run menu, type Taskman, and then click OK to open the Task Manager application. Press and hold the SHIFT key, click the first application from the list, click the last application, and then click the Windows - End Task menu. You can also create a shortcut to the Task Manager in the Start menu.
Are you tired to close your running applications one by one? Just select Shutdown from the Start menu and pick the "Close all programs and log on as a different user?" option. Then log back on as the same user.
Creating Hot Keys
As an alternative to activate a Windows 9X/Me application, you can create hot keys. To create a hot key, right-click an application shortcut, choose Properties, click Shortcut tab, and then type a letter in the Shortcut key box (for example W for Word). Automatically, Windows 9X/Me will use the CTRL+ALT+W keys as the hot keys.
Date Information
To get information about the current time, you only need to see the clock at the right corner of Taskbar. How to see the today date? Move your mouse pointer to the clock and wait a moment. Date, month, and year will appear for several seconds and then disappear.
Don't Recycle My Files
You have several secret files that you do not want to keep them in the Recycle Bin. To do so, press the Shift key while you press the Del key or click the Delete menu.
Faster Quick View
Do you want to see your document previews faster? Open Windows Explorer, and then activate the Quick View application to see the first file's content. For the next files you can drag the file icons directly into the Quick View window. For easier operation, both windows (Explorer and Quick View) can be tilled vertically on the screen. If you only want to see bitmap, jpeg or gif files, open the Paint window instead of Quick View. The same method can be applied in Media Player to see multimedia files (wave, midi, avi, etc.) or NotePad for text file (*.txt).
Faster New Documents
To get faster new documents, right-click an empty space on the Windows 9X/Me desktop. From the pop-up menu choose New, and then from the list select the type of your new document. On the desktop will appear a shortcut icon. Rename this shortcut if it is necessary, and then double-click on it to start creating the new document.
How to Delete Files from Floppy & Zip Disks
As you know when you delete a file from a floppy, it is gone forever. Same problem occurs with zip disks. To get around this problem, first create a folder on the C:/ drive called "Deleted File". Create a shortcut to "Deleted File" and cut/paste it into the Windows/Send to folder. Paste another shortcut to "Deleted File" on the Desktop [Optional]. Now whenever one wants to delete files from a floppy or zip disk, send them to Deleted File first. You can delete them later.
Now get money foe received messages...
In your daily life you have to receive a lots of useless sms on your mobile phone, which mostly waist your time and break your intentness. Even you want or not you have to face them. Think about if your receive sms and get paid for it!!! Yes it's possible with mGinger. It can convert your mobile phone in a money making machine and let it earn for recharge itself.
mGinger is the first of its kind opt-in permission-based mobile marketing platform in India. mGinger is a service providing targeted advertisements on mobile phones. The advertisements are targeted on a consumer base who have opted-in to this service. The consumer base is built through a registration process in which the consumers specify their commercial interests, maximum number of ads they would like to receive in a day, convenient time-slots and their demographic information. Apart from getting information related to their particular interests, the consumers also receive monetary incentives for every ad they themselves receive and for each ad received in their network upto two levels of referrals.
How much do I get paid per SMS I receive: For each advertise (sms) that you receive you get 20p. You can refer your friends and family to join on mGinger. For every advert that your friend receives, you get 10p and for every advert that your friend's friend receives you get 5p.
You get paid for each SMS you receive, your friends receive and friend's friend's receive.
How do I get paid: After accumulating Rs. 300, you are entitled to receive a cheque from us, mailed to your address you provide during the signup process. Thus, it's in your best interest to provide us with the right and accurate mailing address and personal details. To receive the cheque, click on the "Pay me now" button on the "Earning" screen.
How do I get Started:You have to register with mGinger. Click on mGinger to a free registration. Its a completely free process
Note:this is the downward network.while filling Signup form,in case of referal u can write my username-"rushikesh88"
mGinger is the first of its kind opt-in permission-based mobile marketing platform in India. mGinger is a service providing targeted advertisements on mobile phones. The advertisements are targeted on a consumer base who have opted-in to this service. The consumer base is built through a registration process in which the consumers specify their commercial interests, maximum number of ads they would like to receive in a day, convenient time-slots and their demographic information. Apart from getting information related to their particular interests, the consumers also receive monetary incentives for every ad they themselves receive and for each ad received in their network upto two levels of referrals.
How much do I get paid per SMS I receive: For each advertise (sms) that you receive you get 20p. You can refer your friends and family to join on mGinger. For every advert that your friend receives, you get 10p and for every advert that your friend's friend receives you get 5p.
You get paid for each SMS you receive, your friends receive and friend's friend's receive.
How do I get paid: After accumulating Rs. 300, you are entitled to receive a cheque from us, mailed to your address you provide during the signup process. Thus, it's in your best interest to provide us with the right and accurate mailing address and personal details. To receive the cheque, click on the "Pay me now" button on the "Earning" screen.
How do I get Started:You have to register with mGinger. Click on mGinger to a free registration. Its a completely free process
Note:this is the downward network.while filling Signup form,in case of referal u can write my username-"rushikesh88"
Now read e-book on your mobile with "java" format..!!!
this is good news for e-books lover, now u can read free e-book with scrolling features provided by - www.wattpad.com /m.wattpad.com. download e-books and enjoy...!!!
Note:my earlier post regarding to free magzine visit:
www.goreadgreen.com
Note:my earlier post regarding to free magzine visit:
www.goreadgreen.com
Is your PCs crash?? - few reasons here....
Fatal error: the system has become unstable or is busy," it says. "Enter to return to Windows or press Control-Alt-Delete to restart your computer. If you do this you will lose any unsaved information in all open applications.
"You have just been struck by the Blue Screen of Death. Anyone who uses Mcft Windows will be familiar with this. What can you do? More importantly, how can you prevent it happening?
1) Hardware conflict The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
"You have just been struck by the Blue Screen of Death. Anyone who uses Mcft Windows will be familiar with this. What can you do? More importantly, how can you prevent it happening?
1) Hardware conflict The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
For example, a printer usually connects internally on IRQ 7. The keyboard usually uses IRQ 1 and the floppy disk drive IRQ 6. Each device will try to hog a single IRQ for itself.
If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen. The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager.
Often if a device has a problem a yellow '!' appears next to its description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is www.driverguide.com. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.
To be fair to Mcft, the problem with IRQ numbers is not of its making. It is a legacy problem going back to the first PC designs using the IBM 8086 chip. Initially there were only eight IRQs. Today there are 16 IRQs in a PC. It is easy to run out of them. There are plans to increase the number of IRQs in future designs.
2) Bad RamRam (random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death with a message saying Fatal Exception Error. A fatal error indicates a serious hardware problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and will need replacing.But a fatal error caused by Ram might be caused by a mismatch of chips. For example, mixing 70-nanosecond (70ns) Ram with 60ns Ram will usually force the computer to run all the Ram at the slower speed. This will often crash the machine if the Ram is overworked.
One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.Parity error messages also refer to Ram.
Modern Ram chips are either parity (ECC) or non parity (non-ECC). It is best not to mix the two types, as this can be a cause of trouble.EMM386 error messages refer to memory problems but may not be connected to bad Ram. This may be due to free memory problems often linked to old Dos-based programmes.
3) BIOS settingsEvery motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS.
If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).
4) Hard disk drivesAfter a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk Defragmenter
This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.
The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System Icon-Performance-File System-Hard Disk.
Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space.
Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-ScanDiskOtherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.
5) Fatal OE exceptions and VXD errorsFatal OE exception errors and VXD errors are often caused by video card problems.These can often be resolved easily by reducing the resolution of the video display. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Display-Settings
Here you should slide the screen area bar to the left. Take a look at the colour settings on the left of that window. For most desktops, high colour 16-bit depth is adequate.If the screen freezes or you experience system lockups it might be due to the video card. Make sure it does not have a hardware conflict. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager
Here, select the + beside Display Adapter. A line of text describing your video card should appear. Select it (make it blue) and press properties. Then select Resources and select each line in the window. Look for a message that says No Conflicts.If you have video card hardware conflict, you will see it here.
Be careful at this point and make a note of everything you do in case you make things worse.The way to resolve a hardware conflict is to uncheck the Use Automatic Settings box and hit the Change Settings button. You are searching for a setting that will display a No Conflicts message.Another useful way to resolve video problems is to go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Performance-Graphics
Here you should move the Hardware Acceleration slider to the left. As ever, the most common cause of problems relating to graphics cards is old or faulty drivers (a driver is a small piece of software used by a computer to communicate with a device).Look up your video card's manufacturer on the internet and search for the most recent drivers for it.
6 Viruses Often the first sign of a virus infection is instability. Some viruses erase the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start. This is why it is a good idea to create a Windows start-up disk. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Add/Remove Programs
Here, look for the Start Up Disk tab. Virus protection requires constant vigilance.A virus scanner requires a list of virus signatures in order to be able to identify viruses. These signatures are stored in a DAT file. DAT files should be updated weekly from the website of your antivirus software manufacturer.An excellent antivirus programme is McAfee VirusScan by Network Associates ( http://www.nai.com/). Another is Norton AntiVirus 2000, made by Symantec ( http://www.symantec.com/).
7) Printers The action of sending a document to print creates a bigger file, often called a postscript file.Printers have only a small amount of memory, called a buffer. This can be easily overloaded. Printing a document also uses a considerable amount of CPU power. This will also slow down the computer's performance.If the printer is trying to print unusual characters, these might not be recognised, and can crash the computer.
Sometimes printers will not recover from a crash because of confusion in the buffer. A good way to clear the buffer is to unplug the printer for ten seconds. Booting up from a powerless state, also called a cold boot, will restore the printer's default settings and you may be able to carry on.
8) Software A common cause of computer crash is faulty or badly-installed software. Often the problem can be cured by uninstalling the software and then reinstalling it. Use Norton Uninstall or Uninstall Shield to remove an application from your system properly. This will also remove references to the programme in the System Registry and leaves the way clear for a completely fresh copy.
The System Registry can be corrupted by old references to obsolete software that you thought was uninstalled. Use Reg Cleaner by Jouni Vuorio to clean up the System Registry and remove obsolete entries. It works on Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 SE (Second Edition), Windows Millennium Edition (ME), NT4 and Windows 2000.Read the instructions and use it carefully so you don't do permanent damage to the Registry. If the Registry is damaged you will have to reinstall your operating system.
Reg Cleaner can be obtained from www.jv16.orgOften a Windows problem can be resolved by entering Safe Mode. This can be done during start-up. When you see the message "Starting Windows" press F4. This should take you into Safe Mode.Safe Mode loads a minimum of drivers. It allows you to find and fix problems that prevent Windows from loading properly.Sometimes installing Windows is difficult because of unsuitable BIOS settings.
If you keep getting SUWIN error messages (Windows setup) during the Windows installation, then try entering the BIOS and disabling the CPU internal cache. Try to disable the Level 2 (L2) cache if that doesn't work.Remember to restore all the BIOS settings back to their former settings following installation.
9) Overheating Central processing units (CPUs) are usually equipped with fans to keep them cool. If the fan fails or if the CPU gets old it may start to overheat and generate a particular kind of error called a kernel error. This is a common problem in chips that have been overclocked to operate at higher speeds than they are supposed to.One remedy is to get a bigger better fan and install it on top of the CPU.
Specialist cooling fans/heatsinks are available from www.computernerd.com or www.coolit.comCPU problems can often be fixed by disabling the CPU internal cache in the BIOS.
This will make the machine run more slowly, but it should also be more stable.
10) Power supply problemsWith all the new construction going on around the country the steady supply of electricity has become disrupted. A power surge or spike can crash a computer as easily as a power cut.
If this has become a nuisance for you then consider buying a uninterrupted power supply (UPS). This will give you a clean power supply when there is electricity, and it will give you a few minutes to perform a controlled shutdown in case of a power cut.
It is a good investment if your data are critical, because a power cut will cause any unsaved data to be lost.
Windows hidden appiction :-
Run any of these apps go to=
Start=> Run and type the executable name (ie charmap).
Windows XP hidden apps:
====================
1) Character Map = charmap.exe (very useful for finding unusual characters)
2) Disk Cleanup = cleanmgr.exe
3) Clipboard Viewer = clipbrd.exe (views contents of window$ clipboard)
4) Dr Watson = drwtsn32.exe (Troubleshooting tool)
5) DirectX diagnosis = dxdiag.exe (Diagnose & test DirectX, video & sound cards)
6) Private character editor = eudcedit.exe (allows creation or modification of characters)
7) IExpress Wizard = iexpress.exe (Create self-extracting / self-installing package)
8)Micro$oft Synchronization Manager = mobsync.exe (appears to allow synchronization of files on the network for when working offline. Apparently undocumented).
9) window$ Media Player 5.1 = mplay32.exe (Retro version of Media Player, very basic).
10) ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbcad32.exe (something to do with databases)
11) Object Packager = packager.exe (to do with packaging objects for insertion in files, appears to have comprehensive help files).
12) System Monitor = perfmon.exe (very useful, highly configurable tool, tells you everything you ever wanted to know about any aspect of PC performance, for uber-geeks only )
13) Program Manager = progman.exe (Legacy window$ 3.x desktop shell).
14) Remote Access phone book = rasphone.exe (documentation is virtually non-existant).
15) Registry Editor = regedt32.exe [also regedit.exe] (for hacking the window$ Registry).
16) Network shared folder wizard = shrpubw.exe (creates shared folders on network).
17) File siganture verification tool = sigverif.exe
18)Cool Volume Control = sndvol32.exe (I've included this for those people that lose it from the System Notification area).
19) System Configuration Editor = sysedit.exe (modify System.ini & Win.ini just like in Win98! ).
20) Syskey = syskey.exe (Secures XP Account database - use with care, it's virtually undocumented but it appears to encrypt all passwords, I'm not sure of the full implications).
21) Micro$oft Telnet Client = telnet.exe
22) Driver Verifier Manager = verifier.exe (seems to be a utility for monitoring the actions of drivers, might be useful for people having driver problems. Undocumented).
23) window$ for Workgroups Chat = winchat.exe (appears to be an old NT utility to allow chat sessions over a LAN, help files available).
24) System configuration = msconfig.exe (can use to control starup programs)
25) gpedit.msc used to manage group policies, and permissions.
Start=> Run and type the executable name (ie charmap).
Windows XP hidden apps:
====================
1) Character Map = charmap.exe (very useful for finding unusual characters)
2) Disk Cleanup = cleanmgr.exe
3) Clipboard Viewer = clipbrd.exe (views contents of window$ clipboard)
4) Dr Watson = drwtsn32.exe (Troubleshooting tool)
5) DirectX diagnosis = dxdiag.exe (Diagnose & test DirectX, video & sound cards)
6) Private character editor = eudcedit.exe (allows creation or modification of characters)
7) IExpress Wizard = iexpress.exe (Create self-extracting / self-installing package)
8)Micro$oft Synchronization Manager = mobsync.exe (appears to allow synchronization of files on the network for when working offline. Apparently undocumented).
9) window$ Media Player 5.1 = mplay32.exe (Retro version of Media Player, very basic).
10) ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbcad32.exe (something to do with databases)
11) Object Packager = packager.exe (to do with packaging objects for insertion in files, appears to have comprehensive help files).
12) System Monitor = perfmon.exe (very useful, highly configurable tool, tells you everything you ever wanted to know about any aspect of PC performance, for uber-geeks only )
13) Program Manager = progman.exe (Legacy window$ 3.x desktop shell).
14) Remote Access phone book = rasphone.exe (documentation is virtually non-existant).
15) Registry Editor = regedt32.exe [also regedit.exe] (for hacking the window$ Registry).
16) Network shared folder wizard = shrpubw.exe (creates shared folders on network).
17) File siganture verification tool = sigverif.exe
18)Cool Volume Control = sndvol32.exe (I've included this for those people that lose it from the System Notification area).
19) System Configuration Editor = sysedit.exe (modify System.ini & Win.ini just like in Win98! ).
20) Syskey = syskey.exe (Secures XP Account database - use with care, it's virtually undocumented but it appears to encrypt all passwords, I'm not sure of the full implications).
21) Micro$oft Telnet Client = telnet.exe
22) Driver Verifier Manager = verifier.exe (seems to be a utility for monitoring the actions of drivers, might be useful for people having driver problems. Undocumented).
23) window$ for Workgroups Chat = winchat.exe (appears to be an old NT utility to allow chat sessions over a LAN, help files available).
24) System configuration = msconfig.exe (can use to control starup programs)
25) gpedit.msc used to manage group policies, and permissions.
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